August 1974

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The following events occurred in August 1974:

August 9, 1974: Richard Nixon boards Army One after resigning as President of the United States

August 1, 1974 (Thursday)[edit]

August 2, 1974 (Friday)[edit]

August 3, 1974 (Saturday)[edit]

August 4, 1974 (Sunday)[edit]

  • A bomb exploded on the Italicus Express train between Italy and West Germany, killing 12 people and injuring 48.[31][32][33][34] Italian neo-fascists claimed responsibility.[35]
  • The West African nation of Ghana began requiring its 80,000 motorists, as well as other vehicle operators, to drive on the right-hand side of the road after decades of left-hand side driving that dated from Ghana's days as a British colony. On the day before, the government banned the sale of alcohol for nine hours in order to ensure sobriety of vehicle operators after midnight.[36]
  • The derailment of an express train in Dol-de-Bretagne, France, killed nine people and injured 30.[32]
  • Swiss driver Clay Regazzoni won the 1974 German Grand Prix at the Nürburgring.[37]
  • French Army Commandant Pierre Galopin, posted in Chad, was captured by Chadian rebels in the Sahara desert, after traveling to the rebel-held portion of the African nation to negotiate the release of hostages. Galopin would be sentenced to death by his captors and executed by hanging on April 4, 1975.[38]
  • Bob Pleso, a stunt motorcyclist attempting to break the distance record of 171 feet (52 m) (set by Bob Gill rather than Evel Knievel) in jumping over parked automobiles, was fatally injured in front of 3,000 spectators while trying to jump over 30 cars at the Phenix Dragway in Phenix City, Alabama. Pleso's motorcycle cleared the first 27 cars before coming down on the windshield of the 28th, and he died in a hospital two hours later.[39][40]

August 5, 1974 (Monday)[edit]

  • U.S. President Richard Nixon released transcripts of three conversations between himself and the former White House Chief of Staff, H. R. Haldeman, on June 23, 1972, six days after the Watergate break-in. One of the transcripts showed that Nixon had ordered that the Federal Bureau of Investigation halt its inquiry into the case.[41]
  • Nixon also released a statement saying that after he listened to the June 23 conversations, "Although I recognized that these presented potential problems, I did not inform my staff or my counsel of it... This was a serious act of omission for which I take full responsibility and which I deeply regret." He added that "a House vote on impeachment is, as a practical matter, virtually a foregone conclusion, and that the issue will therefore go to trial in the Senate."[42]
  • Many of President Nixon's strongest supporters in Congress withdrew their support after the transcripts' release, including Representative Charles E. Wiggins of California, Nixon's most prominent defender on the House Judiciary Committee, who said he would now vote for impeachment on the charge of obstruction of justice.[43][44][45][46]
  • At 10:24 in the morning, the roof of a U.S. government office building in downtown Miami, Florida, collapsed, killing 7 employees of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration and injuring 15 others.[47][48][49][50] An inspection would later conclude that materials used in resurfacing of a parking lot on top of the building, as well as salt and sand, had eroded and weakened the supporting steel structure.[51]
  • The comic strip Tank McNamara, created by Jeff Millar and Bill Hinds, made its debut with distribution by United Press Syndicate. Billed as a satire on the American obsession with organized sports, the strip commented on the sports world through its title character, a former pro football player who had become a TV sports newscaster.[52][53]
  • The sport of dogs catching flying discs (including the Wham-O Frisbee) gained national exposure in the U.S. when a 19-year-old college student brought his dog, Ashley Whippet, onto the field at Dodger Stadium for an unauthorized interruption of a nationally televised baseball game between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the visiting Cincinnati Reds. Prior to the start of the ninth inning a crowd of 51,062 fans and millions of NBC viewers watched the whippet dog catch four out of five tosses with high leaps; the Dodgers won, 6 to 3.[54]
  • Born:

August 6, 1974 (Tuesday)[edit]

August 7, 1974 (Wednesday)[edit]

August 8, 1974 (Thursday)[edit]

Nixon's resignation speech

August 9, 1974 (Friday)[edit]

Chief Justice Warren Burger swears in Gerald Ford as President of the United States

August 10, 1974 (Saturday)[edit]

  • Eenadu, the highest-circulation Telugu-language newspaper in the world, was launched in India by publisher Ramoji Rao.[101]
  • Twelve people died and 14 were injured in a collision between a bus and a train in Calumpit, Bulacan, Philippines.[102]
  • U.S. President Gerald Ford requested that all members of President Nixon's Cabinet and all heads of U.S. Government agencies remain in office for "continuity and stability."[103]
August Jam

August 11, 1974 (Sunday)[edit]

August 12, 1974 (Monday)[edit]

President Ford addresses Congress in the United States House chamber
  • During a televised address to a joint session of the United States Congress, U.S. President Ford said, "To the limits of my strength and ability, I will be the President of the black, brown, red and white Americans, of old and young, of women's liberationists and male chauvinists and all the rest of us in between, of the poor and the rich, of native sons and new refugees, of those who work at lathes or at desks or in mines or in the fields, and of Christians, Jews, Moslems, Buddhists and atheists, if there really are any atheists after what we have all been through."[134]
  • At the age of 23, jockey Johnny Hathaway was fatally injured when his horse threw him into the path of another horse during a race at Waterford Park in West Virginia.[135]
  • Born: Trent Keegan, New Zealand investigative journalist who was murdered while working on a report in Kenya; in New Plymouth (killed 2008)[136]

August 13, 1974 (Tuesday)[edit]

August 14, 1974 (Wednesday)[edit]

August 15, 1974 (Thursday)[edit]

Attempted assassination of Park Chung Hee

August 16, 1974 (Friday)[edit]

President and Mrs. Ford with the King and Queen of Jordan

August 17, 1974 (Saturday)[edit]

August 18, 1974 (Sunday)[edit]

August 19, 1974 (Monday)[edit]

August 20, 1974 (Tuesday)[edit]

Gerald Ford and Nelson Rockefeller in the Oval Office

August 21, 1974 (Wednesday)[edit]

A Northrop YF-17 in 1976
  • The Northrop YF-17 prototype jet fighter aircraft made its first test flight, departing from Edwards Air Force Base in the U.S. state of California. It reached an altitude of 27,000 feet (8,200 m) and a speed of 615 miles per hour (990 km/h).[219]
A Hawker Siddeley Hawk T1W

August 22, 1974 (Thursday)[edit]

  • The Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 was signed into law by U.S. President Gerald Ford, after being approved in the Senate, 76 to 11, and by the House, 351 to 25.[225] The law created the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) for public housing authorities in the U.S. to spend on housing, public facilities, child care and economic development to fill local needs. In effect, as one historian noted, "the U.S. government got out of the construction business," with the housing authorities being allowed to distribute Housing Choice Vouchers to low-income families and "letting the tenants shop around the private market to find an apartment of their own choosing."[226]
  • For the first time, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) provided crude oil from its own storage facility to give aid to a developing country.[227]
  • The government of India ratified the nation's National Policy for Children to reduce poverty, with the objective of guaranteeing that "all children in the state get the necessary prenatal, postnatal and developmental care to ensure optimal health", to be accomplished by a comprehensive health program, funding for nutrition for women and children, free education for all children up to age 14, and prevention of the exploitation of child labor.[228][229]
  • During preliminary trials for the 1974 America's Cup, a television helicopter crashed into Rhode Island Sound 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Point Judith, Rhode Island, killing a technician and injuring a cameraman and the pilot.[230]
  • Died:

August 23, 1974 (Friday)[edit]

August 24, 1974 (Saturday)[edit]

The Johnson statue in 2014

August 25, 1974 (Sunday)[edit]

August 26, 1974 (Monday)[edit]

August 27, 1974 (Tuesday)[edit]

  • By a vote of 40,083 to 27,932, residents of Alaska voted to move the state capital from Juneau to a location near the village of Willow, 575 miles (925 km) away. The proposed capital was 37 miles (60 km) from Anchorage and voters opted for a site at least 30 miles (48 km) from Anchorage or Fairbanks.[282] However, voters would later reject the move's associated construction costs, and Juneau remains the state capital.
  • At the age of 12, Becky Schroeder of Toledo, Ohio, was granted her first patent for an invention, receiving U.S. Patent 3,832,556 for her creation, the "Glow Sheet", a "luminescent backing sheet for writing in the dark" that could be placed underneath a regular sheet of paper for use by persons needing to work in dimly lit places. She had applied for the patent on December 26, 1973, with the assistance of her father, a patent attorney.[283]
  • The case of Joan Little began at the jail in Beaufort County, North Carolina, when she stabbed a guard as he was raping her. Little escaped, then turned herself in to police and was charged with the murder of Clarence Alligood, who had made a practice of forcing female inmates to engage in sex with him. Little would be acquitted of the murder charge on August 15, 1975, after autopsy evidence confirmed her claim of self-defense. She became the first African-American woman to be acquitted of murder committed in self-defense against a sexual assault.[284]
  • British commercial diver Peter Kelly died of anoxia due to pure helium being fed through his breathing mask during a bell dive in the Norwegian Sector of the North Sea. The other diver in the bell pulled off his mask before losing consciousness and survived.[285][286]
  • Andrew Head, a tractor driver, discovered a woman's headless body near Swaffham, Norfolk in England. Police concluded that the woman was murdered during the first two weeks of August.[287] The woman's head has never been found; she remains unidentified and her murder remains unsolved.
  • Five people died in an explosion at a meatpacking plant in Cipolletti, Argentina.[288]
  • A memorial service for Charles Lindbergh was held in Kipahulu, Hawaii, at the small church next to which Lindbergh had been buried the previous day. Lindbergh's name was not mentioned during the half-hour service, at which fewer than 24 people were present.[289]
  • Died: Otto Strasser, 76, Nazi German politician who broke with the party in 1930 in opposition to Adolf Hitler, and lived in exile in various countries until coming to West Germany in 1955.[290][291]

August 28, 1974 (Wednesday)[edit]

August 29, 1974 (Thursday)[edit]

August 30, 1974 (Friday)[edit]

August 31, 1974 (Saturday)[edit]

References[edit]

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