Lapal Tunnel
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Location | West Midlands, England |
| Coordinates | 52°26′42″N 2°00′06″W / 52.4450°N 2.0017°W |
| OS grid reference | SO998830 |
| Status | Closed |
| Waterway | Dudley No. 2 Canal |
| Start | 52°26′45″N 2°01′39″W / 52.4458°N 2.0275°W |
| End | 52°26′39″N 1°58′33″W / 52.4442°N 1.9759°W |
| Operation | |
| Constructed | 1798 |
| Closed | 1917 |
| Technical | |
| Design engineer | William Underhill |
| Length | 3,795-yard (3,470 m)[1] |
| Tunnel clearance | 6 feet (1.8 m) |
| Width | 7 feet 3 inches (2.2 m) |
| Towpath | no |
| Boat-passable | no |
The Lapal Tunnel (old spelling Lappal Tunnel) is a disused 3,795-yard (3,470 m) canal tunnel on the five mile dry section of the Dudley No. 2 Canal in the West Midlands, England.[2] It takes its name from the settlement of Lapal.
History[edit]
The narrow brick-lined tunnel, built in 1798 by William Underhill, had no towpath. It had a very small bore — at 7 feet 9 inches, barely wider than the boats which used it, with a headroom of only 6 feet. Boats originally took about three hours to complete the passage by legging or poling, so in 1841 a steam engine was built at the Halesowen end which drove a scoop wheel to load the tunnel with water. Stop gates could be opened at either end to assist boats along the tunnel in either direction.
The tunnel suffered many collapses, and after a collapse in 1917 due to mining subsidence it was abandoned. It runs under Lapal, the M5 motorway near junction 3 and Woodgate Valley Country Park. The canal between Halesowen and Selly Oak is disused and some sections have been filled in as the tunnel was considered uneconomic to repair. A short un-navigable length remains in the grounds the Leasowes, once a garden belonging to the poet William Shenstone (1714–1763), and now a public park and golf course.[3]
To the north of Halesowen, the canal is in good repair and is used by boats accessing Hawne Basin. The canal north of Halesowen includes the Gosty Hill Tunnel which at 557 yards (509 m) is much shorter than the Lapal Tunnel. [4] It was built at the same time and has similar cross sectional dimensions.[5]
Restoration[edit]
The Lapal Canal Trust aims to restore the un-navigable parts of the Dudley No 2 canal to the tunnel entrance sites at Halesowen and California, from Hawne Basin and Selly Oak
They originally aimed to restore the tunnel, but a study in 2007 showed this to be unfeasible.[6] The study showed that an "up and over" solution would be possible, though at a cost that makes its achievement in the foreseeable future somewhat unlikely.
The restoration of a short section of the canal from the junction with the Worcester Birmingham Canal to Selly Oak Park is probably achievable. The recently built supermarket on the line includes allowance for the restoration.
The exact locations of the portals at California and Halesowen can be seen on the National Library of Scotland website.
Points of interest[edit]
| Point | Coordinates (Links to map resources) |
OS Grid Ref | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| End of navigable Dudley No 2 Canal | 52°27′23″N 2°02′29″W / 52.4565°N 2.0415°W | SO9718084325 | near Halesowen |
| West portal | 52°26′45″N 2°01′39″W / 52.4458°N 2.0275°W | SO98228309 | (precise OS ref from 6" map) At western end of track opposite Lapal Cottage, Lapal Lane South |
| Mid point | 52°26′42″N 2°00′06″W / 52.4450°N 2.0017°W | SP9996583000 | (calculated) |
| East portal | 52°26′39″N 1°58′33″W / 52.4442°N 1.9759°W | SP01718291 | (precise OS ref from 6" map) Under grass |
| Harborne Lane bridge | 52°26′37″N 1°56′33″W / 52.4435°N 1.9426°W | SP03908288 | |
| Selly Oak Junction | 52°26′37″N 1°56′16″W / 52.4436°N 1.9377°W | SP0423482891 | Terminus of canal at Selly Oak |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ The Dudley Canal and Tunnel Trust.
- ^ "History of the tunnels". The Dudley Canal and Tunnel Trust. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
- ^ "The Leasowes". dudley.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ Mosse, Jonathan (2018) [1969]. Waterways Guide 2: Severn, Avon & Birmingham. Nicholson. p. 138. ISBN 978-0-00-825801-6.
- ^ Green, Dave (1979). "The Dudley Tunnel". Waterways Magazine.; "Black Country History". Black Country History. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ Feasibility Study for the Restoration of the Dudley No.2 Canal (The Lapal Canal)
Further reading[edit]
- Shill, Ray (2002) [1999]. Birmingham's Canals. ISBN 0-7509-2077-7.
- "Lapal Canal Trust – News and updates from the restoration". Lapal Canal Trust. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- "Bicentenary of Lapal Tunnel: 28.iv.98". lapal.org. 29 June 2007. Archived from the original on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - "British Waterways map of Dudley No. 2 Canal". www.waterscape.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2007.