List of Olympic medalists in badminton

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lin Dan won consecutive golds in the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics.

Badminton is a sport contested at the Summer Olympic Games. Badminton was first held as a demonstration sport at the 1972 Summer Olympics, and was an exhibition sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics; the men's and women's singles and doubles have been held at every Summer Olympics since the 1992 Summer Olympics.[1] The mixed doubles badminton tournament started in the 1996 Summer Olympics.[2]

The Badminton World Federation (BWF) rankings are used to determine the qualification of the players for the tournament. Nations can enter a maximum of two players each in the men's and women's singles if both are ranked in the world's top 16; otherwise, one quota place until the roster of thirty-eight players has been completed. Similar regulations also apply to the players competing in the doubles, as the NOCs (National Olympic Committees) can enter a maximum of two pairs if both are ranked in the top eight, while the remaining NOCs are entitled to one until the quota of 16 highest-ranked pairs is filled. The host nation, if it has not already qualified two competitors, receives at least either two singles players or one pair.[3]

Gao Ling is the all-time leader for the most Olympic medals in badminton, with two gold, one silver, and one bronze; Fu Haifeng (two gold, one silver), Zhang Nan, Zhao Yunlei and Kim Dong-moon (two gold, one bronze) each, Gil Young-ah and Chen Long (one of each) and Lee Chong Wei (three silver) are second for the most medals in badminton, each with three. Fu Haifeng, Gao Ling, Ge Fei, Gu Jun, Kim Dong-moon, Lin Dan, Zhang Jun, Zhang Nan, Zhang Ning and Zhao Yunlei are the all-time leaders for the most gold medal wins, with two.[4] In the 1992 Summer Olympics, future married couple Susi Susanti and Alan Budikusuma won Indonesia their first ever Olympic gold medals since their first Olympic participation in 1952, while brothers Jalani and Razif Sidek were the first Malaysian Olympic medalists since Malaysia first participated the 1964 Summer Olympics.[5] Mia Audina won her first silver in the 1996 Olympics representing Indonesia, but won her second silver in the 2004 Summer Olympics with the Netherlands, the only badminton medalist to ever win for two different countries.[6] In the 2000 Summer Olympics, China swept the women's doubles tournament, winning all three medals, making it the only sweep in Olympic badminton history.[7] Indonesia also did so in the 1992 Olympics men's singles tournament, but there was no bronze medal match in that Games so the medal was shared with Danish player Thomas Stuer-Lauridsen. In the 2012 Summer Olympics, China became the first country to win all five disciplines' gold medal in history, and as of 2020 the only to sweep all five in the same Games. Indonesia became the second to achieve this feat, stretching from its first gold in the 1992 women's singles to 2020 women's doubles.[8]

As of the 2020 Summer Olympics, China has been the most successful nation in badminton, winning 47 medals; 33 of them were from the women's singles and doubles and mixed doubles tournaments. Indonesia (21 medals) and South Korea (20 medals) are the only other nations to have more than nine medals. As many as 121 medals (39 gold, 39 silver, and 43 bronze) have been awarded to 153 medalists from 12 NOCs.[9] There were four additional bronze medal winners in the 1992 Summer Olympics because no bronze medal matches were played in any of the four tournaments.[10]

Table of contents
Men

SinglesDoubles

Women

SinglesDoubles

Mixed doubles

Statistics    Medal table    Medal distribution    Medals per year   

See also    References

Men[edit]

Men's singles[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1992 Barcelona
details
Alan Budikusuma
 Indonesia
Ardy Wiranata
 Indonesia
Thomas Stuer-Lauridsen
 Denmark
Hermawan Susanto
 Indonesia
1996 Atlanta
details
Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen
 Denmark
Dong Jiong
 China
Rashid Sidek
 Malaysia
2000 Sydney
details
Ji Xinpeng
 China
Hendrawan
 Indonesia
Xia Xuanze
 China
2004 Athens
details
Taufik Hidayat
 Indonesia
Shon Seung-mo
 South Korea
Sony Dwi Kuncoro
 Indonesia
2008 Beijing
details
Lin Dan
 China
Lee Chong Wei
 Malaysia
Chen Jin
 China
2012 London
details
Lin Dan
 China
Lee Chong Wei
 Malaysia
Chen Long
 China
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
Chen Long
 China
Lee Chong Wei
 Malaysia
Viktor Axelsen
 Denmark
2020 Tokyo
details
Viktor Axelsen
 Denmark
Chen Long
 China
Anthony Sinisuka Ginting
 Indonesia
2024 Paris
details

Men's doubles[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1992 Barcelona
details
 South Korea
Kim Moon-soo
Park Joo-bong
 Indonesia
Eddy Hartono
Rudy Gunawan
 China
Li Yongbo
Tian Bingyi
 Malaysia
Razif Sidek
Jalani Sidek
1996 Atlanta
details
 Indonesia
Rexy Mainaky
Ricky Subagja
 Malaysia
Cheah Soon Kit
Yap Kim Hock
 Indonesia
Antonius Ariantho
Denny Kantono
2000 Sydney
details
 Indonesia
Tony Gunawan
Candra Wijaya
 South Korea
Lee Dong-soo
Yoo Yong-sung
 South Korea
Ha Tae-kwon
Kim Dong-moon
2004 Athens
details
 South Korea
Ha Tae-kwon
Kim Dong-moon
 South Korea
Lee Dong-soo
Yoo Yong-sung
 Indonesia
Eng Hian
Flandy Limpele
2008 Beijing
details
 Indonesia
Markis Kido
Hendra Setiawan
 China
Cai Yun
Fu Haifeng
 South Korea
Hwang Ji-man
Lee Jae-jin
2012 London
details
 China
Cai Yun
Fu Haifeng
 Denmark
Mathias Boe
Carsten Mogensen
 South Korea
Jung Jae-sung
Lee Yong-dae
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
 China
Zhang Nan
Fu Haifeng
 Malaysia
Goh V Shem
Tan Wee Kiong
 Great Britain
Chris Langridge
Marcus Ellis
2020 Tokyo
details
 Chinese Taipei
Lee Yang
Wang Chi-lin
 China
Li Junhui
Liu Yuchen
 Malaysia
Aaron Chia
Soh Wooi Yik
2024 Paris
details

Women[edit]

Women's singles[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1992 Barcelona
details
Susi Susanti
 Indonesia
Bang Soo-hyun
 South Korea
Huang Hua
 China
Tang Jiuhong
 China
1996 Atlanta
details
Bang Soo-hyun
 South Korea
Mia Audina
 Indonesia
Susi Susanti
 Indonesia
2000 Sydney
details
Gong Zhichao
 China
Camilla Martin
 Denmark
Ye Zhaoying
 China
2004 Athens
details
Zhang Ning
 China
Mia Audina
 Netherlands
Zhou Mi
 China
2008 Beijing
details
Zhang Ning
 China
Xie Xingfang
 China
Maria Kristin Yulianti
 Indonesia
2012 London
details
Li Xuerui
 China
Wang Yihan
 China
Saina Nehwal
 India
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
Carolina Marín
 Spain
P. V. Sindhu
 India
Nozomi Okuhara
 Japan
2020 Tokyo
details
Chen Yufei
 China
Tai Tzu-ying
 Chinese Taipei
P. V. Sindhu
 India
2024 Paris
details

Women's doubles[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1992 Barcelona
details
 South Korea
Chung So-young
Hwang Hye-young
 China
Guan Weizhen
Nong Qunhua
 South Korea
Gil Young-ah
Shim Eun-jung
 China
Lin Yanfen
Yao Fen
1996 Atlanta
details
 China
Ge Fei
Gu Jun
 South Korea
Gil Young-ah
Jang Hye-ock
 China
Qin Yiyuan
Tang Yongshu
2000 Sydney
details
 China
Ge Fei
Gu Jun
 China
Huang Nanyan
Yang Wei
 China
Gao Ling
Qin Yiyuan
2004 Athens
details
 China
Yang Wei
Zhang Jiewen
 China
Gao Ling
Huang Sui
 South Korea
Lee Kyung-won
Ra Kyung-min
2008 Beijing
details
 China
Du Jing
Yu Yang
 South Korea
Lee Hyo-jung
Lee Kyung-won
 China
Wei Yili
Zhang Yawen
2012 London
details
 China
Tian Qing
Zhao Yunlei
 Japan
Mizuki Fujii
Reika Kakiiwa
 Russia
Valeria Sorokina
Nina Vislova
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
 Japan
Misaki Matsutomo
Ayaka Takahashi
 Denmark
Christinna Pedersen
Kamilla Rytter Juhl
 South Korea
Jung Kyung-eun
Shin Seung-chan
2020 Tokyo
details
 Indonesia
Greysia Polii
Apriyani Rahayu
 China
Chen Qingchen
Jia Yifan
 South Korea
Kim So-yeong
Kong Hee-yong
2024 Paris
details

Mixed[edit]

Mixed doubles[edit]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1996 Atlanta
details
 South Korea
Kim Dong-moon
Gil Young-ah
 South Korea
Park Joo-bong
Ra Kyung-min
 China
Liu Jianjun
Sun Man
2000 Sydney
details
 China
Zhang Jun
Gao Ling
 Indonesia
Tri Kusharjanto
Minarti Timur
 Great Britain
Simon Archer
Joanne Goode
2004 Athens
details
 China
Zhang Jun
Gao Ling
 Great Britain
Gail Emms
Nathan Robertson
 Denmark
Jens Eriksen
Mette Schjoldager
2008 Beijing
details
 South Korea
Lee Yong-dae
Lee Hyo-jung
 Indonesia
Nova Widianto
Liliyana Natsir
 China
He Hanbin
Yu Yang
2012 London
details
 China
Zhang Nan
Zhao Yunlei
 China
Xu Chen
Ma Jin
 Denmark
Joachim Fischer Nielsen
Christinna Pedersen
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details
 Indonesia
Tontowi Ahmad
Liliyana Natsir
 Malaysia
Chan Peng Soon
Goh Liu Ying
 China
Zhang Nan
Zhao Yunlei
2020 Tokyo
details
 China
Wang Yilyu
Huang Dongping
 China
Zheng Siwei
Huang Yaqiong
 Japan
Yuta Watanabe
Arisa Higashino
2024 Paris
details

Statistics[edit]

Medal leaders[edit]

Medalist Nation Olympics Gold Silver Bronze Total
Gao Ling  China 2000–2008 2 1 1 4
Fu Haifeng  China 2004–2016 2 1 0 3
Zhang Nan  China 2012–2016 2 0 1 3
Zhao Yunlei  China 2012–2016 2 0 1 3
Kim Dong-moon  South Korea 1996–2004 2 0 1 3
Ge Fei  China 1996–2000 2 0 0 2
Gu Jun  China 1996–2000 2 0 0 2
Zhang Jun  China 2000–2004 2 0 0 2
Zhang Ning  China 2004–2008 2 0 0 2
Lin Dan  China 2004–2016 2 0 0 2
Chen Long  China 2012–2020 1 1 1 3
Gil Young-ah  South Korea 1992–1996 1 1 1 3
Yang Wei  China 2000–2008 1 1 0 2
Cai Yun  China 2004–2012 1 1 0 2
Liliyana Natsir  Indonesia 2008–2016 1 1 0 2
Bang Soo-hyun  South Korea 1992–1996 1 1 0 2
Park Joo-bong  South Korea 1992–1996 1 1 0 2
Lee Hyo-jung  South Korea 2000–2008 1 1 0 2
Yu Yang  China 2008–2016 1 0 1 2
Viktor Axelsen  Denmark 2016–2020 1 0 1 2
Susi Susanti  Indonesia 1992–1996 1 0 1 2
Ha Tae-kwon  South Korea 1996–2004 1 0 1 2
Lee Yong-dae  South Korea 2008–2016 1 0 1 2
Ji Xinpeng  China 2000 1 0 0 1
Gong Zhichao  China 2000 1 0 0 1
Zhang Jiewen  China 2004–2008 1 0 0 1
Du Jing  China 2008 1 0 0 1
Tian Qing  China 2012 1 0 0 1
Li Xuerui  China 2012–2016 1 0 0 1
Chen Yufei  China 2020 1 0 0 1
Huang Dongping  China 2020 1 0 0 1
Wang Yilyu  China 2020 1 0 0 1
Poul-Erik Høyer Larsen  Denmark 1992–2000 1 0 0 1
Carolina Marín  Spain 2012–2016 1 0 0 1
Alan Budikusuma  Indonesia 1992–1996 1 0 0 1
Ricky Subagja  Indonesia 1992–2000 1 0 0 1
Rexy Mainaky  Indonesia 1992–2000 1 0 0 1
Candra Wijaya  Indonesia 2000 1 0 0 1
Tony Gunawan  Indonesia
 United States
2000, 2012 1 0 0 1
Taufik Hidayat  Indonesia 2000–2012 1 0 0 1
Markis Kido  Indonesia 2008 1 0 0 1
Hendra Setiawan  Indonesia 2008, 2016–2020 1 0 0 1
Tontowi Ahmad  Indonesia 2012–2016 1 0 0 1
Greysia Polii  Indonesia 2012–2020 1 0 0 1
Apriyani Rahayu  Indonesia 2020 1 0 0 1
Misaki Matsutomo  Japan 2016 1 0 0 1
Ayaka Takahashi  Japan 2016 1 0 0 1
Chung So-young  South Korea 1992 1 0 0 1
Hwang Hye-young  South Korea 1992 1 0 0 1
Kim Moon-soo  South Korea 1992–1996 1 0 0 1
Lee Yang  Chinese Taipei 2020 1 0 0 1
Wang Chi-lin  Chinese Taipei 2020 1 0 0 1
Lee Chong Wei  Malaysia 2004–2016 0 3 0 3
Mia Audina  Indonesia
 Netherlands
1996–2004 0 2 0 2
Yoo Yong-sung  South Korea 1996–2004 0 2 0 2
Lee Dong-soo  South Korea 2000–2004 0 2 0 2
Christinna Pedersen  Denmark 2012–2016 0 1 1 2
P. V. Sindhu  India 2016–2020 0 1 1 2
Ra Kyung-min  South Korea 1996–2004 0 1 1 2
Lee Kyung-won  South Korea 2000–2008 0 1 1 2
Guan Weizhen  China 1992 0 1 0 1
Nong Qunhua  China 1992 0 1 0 1
Dong Jiong  China 1996 0 1 0 1
Huang Nanyan  China 2000 0 1 0 1
Huang Sui  China 2004 0 1 0 1
Xie Xingfang  China 2008 0 1 0 1
Wang Yihan  China 2012–2016 0 1 0 1
Chen Qingchen  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Huang Yaqiong  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Jia Yifan  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Li Junhui  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Liu Yuchen  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Zheng Siwei  China 2020 0 1 0 1
Camilla Martin  Denmark 1992–2004 0 1 0 1
Mathias Boe  Denmark 2012–2016 0 1 0 1
Carsten Mogensen  Denmark 2012–2016 0 1 0 1
Kamilla Rytter Juhl  Denmark 2008–2016 0 1 0 1
Nathan Robertson  Great Britain 2000–2008 0 1 0 1
Gail Emms  Great Britain 2004–2008 0 1 0 1
Ardy Wiranata  Indonesia 1992 0 1 0 1
Eddy Hartono  Indonesia 1992 0 1 0 1
Rudy Gunawan  Indonesia 1992–1996 0 1 0 1
Tri Kusharjanto  Indonesia 1996–2004 0 1 0 1
Minarti Timur  Indonesia 1996–2000 0 1 0 1
Hendrawan  Indonesia 2000 0 1 0 1
Nova Widianto  Indonesia 2004–2008 0 1 0 1
Mizuki Fujii  Japan 2012 0 1 0 1
Reika Kakiiwa  Japan 2012 0 1 0 1
Jang Hye-ock  South Korea 1996 0 1 0 1
Shon Seung-mo  South Korea 2000–2004 0 1 0 1
Cheah Soon Kit  Malaysia 1992–2000 0 1 0 1
Yap Kim Hock  Malaysia 1996–2000 0 1 0 1
Chan Peng Soon  Malaysia 2012–2020 0 1 0 1
Goh Liu Ying  Malaysia 2012–2020 0 1 0 1
Goh V Shem  Malaysia 2016 0 1 0 1
Tan Wee Kiong  Malaysia 2016 0 1 0 1
Tai Tzu-ying  Chinese Taipei 2016–2020 0 1 0 1
Qin Yiyuan  China 1996–2000 0 0 2 2
Huang Hua  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Tang Jiuhong  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Li Yongbo  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Tian Bingyi  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Lin Yanfen  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Yao Fen  China 1992 0 0 1 1
Tang Yongshu  China 1996 0 0 1 1
Liu Jianjun  China 1996 0 0 1 1
Sun Man  China 1996 0 0 1 1
Ye Zhaoying  China 1996–2000 0 0 1 1
Xia Xuanze  China 2000 0 0 1 1
Zhou Mi  China 2004 0 0 1 1
Wei Yili  China 2004–2008 0 0 1 1
Zhang Yawen  China 2008 0 0 1 1
Chen Jin  China 2008–2012 0 0 1 1
He Hanbin  China 2008 0 0 1 1
Xu Chen  China 2012–2016 0 0 1 1
Ma Jin  China 2012–2016 0 0 1 1
Thomas Stuer-Lauridsen  Denmark 1992–1996 0 0 1 1
Jens Eriksen  Denmark 1996–2008 0 0 1 1
Mette Schjoldager  Denmark 2000–2004 0 0 1 1
Joachim Fischer Nielsen  Denmark 2012–2016 0 0 1 1
Simon Archer  Great Britain 1996–2000 0 0 1 1
Joanne Goode  Great Britain 1996–2000 0 0 1 1
Marcus Ellis  Great Britain 2016 0 0 1 1
Chris Langridge  Great Britain 2016 0 0 1 1
Saina Nehwal  India 2008–2016 0 0 1 1
Hermawan Susanto  Indonesia 1992 0 0 1 1
Antonius Ariantho  Indonesia 1996 0 0 1 1
Denny Kantono  Indonesia 1996 0 0 1 1
Flandy Limpele  Indonesia 1996–2008 0 0 1 1
Eng Hian  Indonesia 2000–2004 0 0 1 1
Sony Dwi Kuncoro  Indonesia 2004–2008 0 0 1 1
Maria Kristin Yulianti  Indonesia 2008 0 0 1 1
Anthony Sinisuka Ginting  Indonesia 2020 0 0 1 1
Nozomi Okuhara  Japan 2016–2020 0 0 1 1
Arisa Higashino  Japan 2020 0 0 1 1
Yuta Watanabe  Japan 2020 0 0 1 1
Shim Eun-jung  South Korea 1992 0 0 1 1
Hwang Ji-man  South Korea 2008 0 0 1 1
Lee Jae-jin  South Korea 2008 0 0 1 1
Jung Jae-sung  South Korea 2008–2012 0 0 1 1
Jung Kyung-eun  South Korea 2012–2016 0 0 1 1
Shin Seung-chan  South Korea 2016–2020 0 0 1 1
Kim So-yeong  South Korea 2020 0 0 1 1
Kong Hee-yong  South Korea 2020 0 0 1 1
Razif Sidek  Malaysia 1992 0 0 1 1
Jalani Sidek  Malaysia 1992 0 0 1 1
Rashid Sidek  Malaysia 1992–1996 0 0 1 1
Aaron Chia  Malaysia 2020 0 0 1 1
Soh Wooi Yik  Malaysia 2020 0 0 1 1
Valeria Sorokina  Russia 2012 0 0 1 1
Nina Vislova  Russia 2012 0 0 1 1

Medal table[edit]

Updated after the 8th edition (2020)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 China20121547
2 Indonesia86721
3 South Korea67720
4 Denmark2349
5 Japan1124
6 Chinese Taipei1102
7 Spain1001
8 Malaysia0639
9 Great Britain0123
 India0123
11 Netherlands0101
12 Russia0011
Totals (12 entries)393943121

Medal distribution[edit]

Updated after the 8th edition (2020)

Men's singles[edit]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 China4239
2 Indonesia2237
3 Denmark2024
4 Malaysia0314
5 South Korea0101
Totals (5 entries)88925

Men's doubles[edit]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Indonesia3126
2 South Korea2237
3 China2215
4 Chinese Taipei1001
5 Malaysia0224
6 Denmark0101
7 Great Britain0011
Totals (7 entries)88925

Women's singles[edit]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 China52411
2 Indonesia1124
3 South Korea1102
4 Spain1001
5 India0123
6 Chinese Taipei0101
 Denmark0101
 Netherlands0101
9 Japan0011
Totals (9 entries)88925

Women's doubles[edit]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 China54413
2 South Korea1247
3 Japan1102
4 Indonesia1001
5 Denmark0101
6 Russia0011
Totals (6 entries)88925

Mixed doubles[edit]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 China4239
2 South Korea2103
3 Indonesia1203
4 Great Britain0112
5 Malaysia0101
6 Denmark0022
7 Japan0011
Totals (7 entries)77721

Medals per year[edit]

Updated after the 8th edition (2020)

Nation 72; 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
 China 5 4 8 5 8 8 3 6 47
 Indonesia 5 4 3 3 3 1 2 21
 South Korea 4 4 2 4 3 1 1 1 20
 Denmark 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 9
 Malaysia 1 2 1 1 3 1 9
 Japan 1 2 1 4
 Great Britain 1 1 1 3
 India 1 1 1 3
 Chinese Taipei 2 2
 Netherlands 1 1
 Russia 1 1
 Spain 1 1
Total 16 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 121

See also[edit]

References[edit]

General
  • "singles men - Olympic Badminton". International Olympic Committee.
  • "doubles men - Olympic Badminton". International Olympic Committee.
  • "singles women - Olympic Badminton". International Olympic Committee.
  • "doubles women - Olympic Badminton". International Olympic Committee.
  • "doubles mixed - Olympic Badminton". International Olympic Committee.
Specific
  1. ^ "Badminton in the Olympics". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
  2. ^ "History". Badminton World Federation. Archived from the original on 2009-07-13. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  3. ^ "Qualifying Regulations for Tokyo 2020 (ENG) – Revised 26 June 2020" (PDF). Badminton World Federation. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  4. ^ "Records and Medals: Games of the Olympiad" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. January 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-08-23. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  5. ^ "History". Olympic Council of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 2010-04-19. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  6. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Mia Audina". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2009-06-16.[dead link]
  7. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Badminton: Women's Doubles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  8. ^ "Indonesia take shock gold in women's doubles badminton, People's Republic of China claim silver". Olympics.com. Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. 2 August 2021. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  9. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Badminton". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  10. ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Badminton at the 1992 Barcelona Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17. Retrieved 2009-06-24.