Spouse or partner of the prime minister of Australia

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Partner of the Prime Minister of Australia
Incumbent
Jodie Haydon
since 23 May 2022
ResidenceThe Lodge (primary)
Kirribilli House (secondary)
Inaugural holderJane Barton
Formation1 January 1901

The spouse of the prime minister of Australia is generally a high-profile individual who assists the Australian prime minister with ceremonial duties as well as performing various other functions. The position is known as the partner of the prime minister of Australia when the prime minister is unmarried but is in a relationship.

With a few exceptions, the prime minister's spouse has been a public figure and the subject of media interest. Most have used the position to promote charitable causes. By convention, the spouse of the prime minister serves as the host of The Lodge and Kirribilli House, the official residences of the prime minister, and also assists the prime minister in welcoming foreign dignitaries to Parliament House and various other locations during ceremonial events. However, the position is unpaid and there are no official responsibilities.

Spouses often assist the prime minister at campaign events. However, only two prime ministers' spouses have held public office in their own right – Enid Lyons became the first woman elected to the House of Representatives several years after her husband's death in office, while Lucy Turnbull was Lord Mayor of Sydney over a decade before her husband became prime minister. Ethel Page held senior offices in the organisational wing of the Country Party.

The current prime minister, Anthony Albanese, is the first divorcee to be appointed.[1] He and his partner, Jodie Haydon,[2][3][4] who lives in her own home in Sydney,[5][6] became engaged on Valentine's Day, 2024.[7]

All prime ministers except John McEwen, Julia Gillard and Albanese were married for the duration of their term in office. McEwen was a widower during his short term; Gillard was in a domestic partnership with Tim Mathieson.

Until the 1960s, it was uncommon for the spouse of a prime minister to have their own career. Zara Holt, a fashion designer, was the first to continue her career during her husband's term in office, and reputedly earned more money than him. Other businesswomen to hold the position have included Thérèse Rein, who ran an employment services company, and Margie Abbott, who ran a childcare centre. Bettina Gorton was an academic who lectured part-time at the Australian National University.

Role[edit]

Dame Mary Hughes and Dame Enid Lyons (pictured together in 1955) are among the longest-serving prime ministers' wives, both holding the position for more than seven years

The prime minister's spouse has no official duties. Some earlier spouses stayed mainly at home and took little part in public life.[8] Although a prime minister's spouse may be unofficially referred to as Australia's "first lady" or "first bloke",[a] a spouse does not receive a staff or official budget.[12]

However, most recent prime ministers' spouses have been involved in charities or community organisations, working to raise public awareness, funds, and support for a range of causes. They generally assist their partners in political campaigns and participate in official duties that come with the position, such as hosting foreign dignitaries and, in particular, entertaining the spouses of dignitaries; accompanying the prime ministers on national and international trips; attending conferences and functions; and speaking in public, particularly in the prime minister's constituency.[13] They have attended the opening of Parliament; hosted visitors at The Lodge and Kirribilli House; visited Buckingham Palace, the White House, or the Japanese Imperial Palace; and been present at royal coronations and conferences.[13]

Others were initially preoccupied with rearing children, most notably Dame Enid Lyons (1932–39), who had 12 children (one died in infancy). In 1943, four years after her husband's death in office, she was the first woman to be elected to the House of Representatives. She was a junior minister in the Menzies government from 1949 to 1951.

Official recognition[edit]

Some prime ministers' spouses have received official recognition for their services to the community:

Tamie Fraser was the first spouse of a prime minister to be provided with an official secretary for dealing with her correspondence.[16]

List of spouses or partners[edit]

No. Portrait Spouse Tenure Length of tenure Prime Minister
1 Jane Barton
11 June 1851 – 23 March 1938
(aged 86)
1 January 1901

24 September 1903
2 years, 8 months and 23 days Barton
m. 1877
2 Portrait of Pattie Deakin Pattie Deakin
1 January 1863 – 30 December 1934
(aged 71)
24 September 1903

27 April 1904
7 months and 3 days Deakin
m. 1882
3 Ada Watson
4 February 1855 – 19 July 1921
(aged 66)
27 April 1904

18 August 1904
3 months and 22 days Watson
m. 1889
4 Portrait of Flora Reid Flora Reid
10 November 1876 – 1 September 1950
(aged 82)
18 August 1904

5 July 1905
10 months and 17 days Reid
m. 1891
(2) Portrait of Pattie Deakin Pattie Deakin
1 January 1863 – 30 December 1934
(aged 71)
5 July 1905

13 November 1908
3 years, 4 months and 8 days Deakin
m. 1882
5 Portrait of Margaret Fisher Margaret Fisher
4 July 1874 – 15 June 1958
(aged 83)
13 November 1908

2 June 1909
6 months and 20 days Fisher
m. 1901
(2) Portrait of Pattie Deakin Pattie Deakin
1 January 1863 – 30 December 1934
(aged 71)
2 June 1909

29 April 1910
10 months and 27 days Deakin
m. 1882
(5) Portrait of Margaret Fisher Margaret Fisher
4 July 1874 – 15 June 1958
(aged 83)
29 April 1910

24 June 1913
3 years, 1 month and 26 days Fisher
m. 1901
6 Portrait of Mary Cook Mary Cook
1863 – 24 September 1950
(aged 86–87)
24 June 1913

17 September 1914
1 year, 2 months and 24 days Cook
m. 1885
(5) Portrait of Margaret Fisher Margaret Fisher
4 July 1874 – 15 June 1958
(aged 83)
17 September 1914

27 October 1915
1 year, 1 month and 10 days Fisher
m. 1901
7 Portrait of Mary Hughes Mary Hughes
6 June 1874 – 2 April 1958
(aged 83)
27 October 1915

9 February 1923
7 years, 3 months and 13 days Hughes
m. 1911
8 Ethel Bruce Ethel Bruce
25 May 1879 – 16 March 1967
(aged 88)
9 February 1923

22 March 1929
6 years, 1 month and 13 days Bruce
m. 1913
9 Sarah Scullin Sarah Scullin
21 April 1880 – 31 May 1962
(aged 82)
22 March 1929

6 January 1932
2 years, 9 months and 15 days Scullin
m. 1907
10 Portrait of Enid Lyons Enid Lyons
GBE
19 July 1897 – 2 September 1981
(aged 84)
6 January 1932

7 April 1939
7 years, 3 months and 1 day Lyons
m. 1915
11 Portrait of Ethel Page Ethel Page
20 September 1875 – 26 May 1958
(aged 82)
7 April 1939

26 April 1939
19 days Page
m. 1906
12 Portrait of Pattie Menzies Pattie Menzies
2 March 1899 – 30 August 1995
(aged 96)
26 April 1939

29 August 1941
2 years, 4 months and 3 days Menzies
m. 1920
13 Ilma Fadden Ilma Fadden
2 April 1895[17] – 14 May 1987
(aged 92)
29 August 1941

7 October 1941
1 month and 8 days Fadden
m. 1916
14 Portrait of Elsie Curtin Elsie Curtin
4 October 1890 – 24 June 1975
(aged 84)
7 October 1941

5 July 1945
3 years, 8 months and 28 days Curtin
m. 1921
15 Vera Forde Vera Forde[18]
31 December 1894 – 9 November 1967
(aged 72)
5 July 1945

13 July 1945
8 days Forde
m. 1925
16 Portrait of Lizzie Chifley Elizabeth Chifley
1 August 1886 – 9 September 1962
(aged 76)
13 July 1945

19 December 1949
4 years, 5 months and 6 days Chifley
m. 1914
(12) Pattie Menzies
GBE
2 March 1899 – 30 August 1995
(aged 96)
19 December 1949

26 January 1966
16 years, 1 month and 7 days Menzies
m. 1920
17 Portrait of Zara Holt Zara Holt
10 March 1909 – 14 June 1989
(aged 80)
26 January 1966

17 December 1967
1 year, 10 months and 21 days Holt
m. 1947
01.1 None 17 December 1967

10 January 1968
24 days McEwen
Widower
18 Portrait of Bettina Gorton Bettina Gorton
23 June 1915 – 2 October 1983
(aged 68)
10 January 1968

10 March 1971
3 years and 2 months Gorton
m. 1935
19 Portrait of Sonia McMahon Sonia McMahon
1 August 1932 – 2 April 2010
(aged 77)
10 March 1971

5 December 1972
1 year, 8 months and 25 days McMahon
m. 1965
20 Portrait of Margaret Whitlam Margaret Whitlam
AO
19 November 1919 – 17 March 2012
(aged 92)
5 December 1972

11 November 1975
2 years, 11 months and 6 days Whitlam
m. 1942
21 Portrait of Tamie Fraser Tamie Fraser
28 February 1936
(aged 88)
11 November 1975

5 March 1983
7 years, 3 months and 22 days Fraser
m. 1956
22 Portrait of Hazel Hawke Hazel Hawke
20 July 1929 – 23 May 2013
(aged 83)
5 March 1983

20 December 1991
8 years, 9 months and 15 days Hawke
m. 1956
23 Annita Keating
5 October 1948
(aged 75)
20 December 1991

11 March 1996
4 years, 2 months and 20 days Keating
m. 1975
24 Portrait of Janette Howard Janette Howard
11 August 1944
(aged 79)
11 March 1996

3 December 2007
11 years, 8 months and 22 days Howard
m. 1971
25 Portrait of Thérèse Rein Thérèse Rein
17 July 1958
(aged 65)
3 December 2007

24 June 2010
2 years, 6 months and 21 days Rudd
m. 1981
26 Portrait of Tim Mathieson (with Julia Gillard) Tim Mathieson
1957
(aged 66–67)
24 June 2010

27 June 2013
3 years and 3 days Gillard
domestic partner
(25) Portrait of Thérèse Rein Thérèse Rein
17 July 1958
(aged 65)
27 June 2013

18 September 2013
2 months and 22 days Rudd
m. 1981
27 Portrait of Margie Abbott Margie Abbott
1 February 1958
(aged 66)
18 September 2013

15 September 2015
1 year, 11 months and 28 days Abbott
m. 1988
28 Portrait of Lucy Turnbull Lucy Turnbull
AO
30 March 1958
(aged 65)
15 September 2015

24 August 2018
2 years, 11 months and 9 days Turnbull
m. 1980
29 Portrait of Jenny Morrison Jenny Morrison
8 January 1968
(aged 56)
24 August 2018

23 May 2022
3 years, 8 months and 29 days Morrison
m. 1989
30 Jodie Haydon
1979
(aged 44–45)
23 May 2022

Incumbent
1 year, 10 months and 4 days[b] Albanese
partner then fiancée

Others[edit]

A number of prime ministers have remarried after leaving office or had marriages that ended before taking office.

  • Billy Hughes was in a common-law marriage with Elizabeth Cutts from approximately 1890 to her death in 1906. He had six children with her, and also raised her son from a previous relationship.
  • Chris Watson married Antonia Dowlan in 1925, following the death of his first wife Ada in 1921. They had one daughter together.
  • Earle Page married Jean Thomas in 1959, following the death of his first wife Ethel in 1958. She had previously been his personal secretary.
  • John McEwen married Annie McLeod in 1921; she died in 1967, ten months before he became prime minister. He remarried in 1968 to Mary Byrne, who had previously been his personal secretary.
  • John Gorton married Nancy Home in 1993, following the death of his first wife Bettina in 1983.
  • Bob Hawke married Blanche d'Alpuget in 1996, after divorcing his first wife Hazel in 1994. D'Alpuget had previously been his biographer.
  • Paul Keating divorced Annita Keating after leaving office. He has not remarried, though his domestic partner since 1998 has been Julieanne Newbould.
  • Anthony Albanese is the first prime minister to have been divorced before being appointed, having previously been married to Carmel Tebbutt from 2000 until 2019.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ The only male (as of March 2020), Tim Mathieson, was sometimes referred to as the "first bloke".[9][10][11]
  2. ^ As of 27 March 2024

References[edit]

  1. ^ "How Jodie Haydon met Anthony Albanese". News.com.au. 23 May 2022. Archived from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  2. ^ Curtis, Katina (28 June 2022). "Albanese's partner steps onto international stage in Madrid". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Albanese, partner join Spanish royalty". 7NEWS. 29 June 2022. Archived from the original on 15 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  4. ^ "Moment Anthony Albanese's partner Jodie Haydon 'overwhelmed' with fear". news.com.au. 10 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  5. ^ "After a shock split from his wife, Anthony Albanese has finally moved on". New Idea. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  6. ^ Curtis, Katina (28 June 2022). "Albanese's partner steps onto international stage in Madrid". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 13 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  7. ^ Roberts, Georgia (15 February 2024). "Prime Minister Anthony Albanese engaged to partner Jodie Haydon". ABC News. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  8. ^ "Elizabeth Chifley". Australia's Prime Ministers. National Archives of Australia. Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2008.
  9. ^ Harris, Talek (25 June 2010). "Beer-swilling hairdresser is Australia's 'First Bloke'". Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on 28 June 2010. Retrieved 26 June 2010.
  10. ^ "First Bloke Tim Mathieson apologises for prostate joke 'in poor taste'". The Australian. 28 September 2012. Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
  11. ^ Walsh, Kerry-Anne; Benns, Matthew (27 June 2010). "First bloke is a man's man". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 28 June 2010. Retrieved 27 June 2010.
  12. ^ Visentin, Lisa (25 August 2018). "Jenny Morrison, Australia's new first lady". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  13. ^ a b "National Hostess". Mrs Prime Minister—Public Image, Private Lives: Travelling exhibition. Old Parliament House (Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts). Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2008.
  14. ^ "Deakin, Elizabeth Martha Anne (Pattie) (1863 - 1934)". Australian Women's Register. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  15. ^ "Alfred Deakin's partner: Pattie Deakin". Australia’s Prime Ministers. National Archives of Australia. Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  16. ^ "Tamie Fraser". Australia's Prime Ministers. National Archives of Australia. Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 30 July 2008.
  17. ^ "Ilma Nita Thornber". FamilySearch. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Archived from the original on 22 September 2021. Retrieved 16 February 2021.
  18. ^ "Francis Forde's partner: Vera Forde". National Archives of Australia. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

Further reading[edit]

  • Langmore, Diane (1992). Prime Ministers' Wives: The Public and Private Lives of Ten Australian Women. Ringwood, VIC: McPhee Gribble.
  • "Mrs Prime Minister—Public Image, Private Lives". Travelling exhibition. Old Parliament House (Commonwealth of Australia: Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts). Retrieved 30 July 2008.